The Making of a National Symbol: Remembering Samuel Alfred Haynes and the Birth of a Nation’s Anthem

As Belize approaches its 43rd Independence Day celebration on September 21, Belizeans home and abroad are preparing to wear their patriotism on their sleeves. While many will proudly sing the national anthem, “O Land of the Free,” few are able to fully appreciate the profound story behind it. The poet who penned these iconic words is Samuel Alfred Haynes, one of Belize’s most admired figures to enrich Belizean history. Haynes’s contributions to national identity and pride warrant lasting commemoration. 

 

From Soldier to Activist: The Making of a National Hero

Samuel Alfred Haynes was not just a poet but a soldier, social activist, and leader whose life was marked by both struggle and triumph. Born over a century ago in Belize, Haynes served in World War I, fighting for the British Empire alongside other colonial soldiers. However, the harsh realities of racial discrimination and unfair treatment during the war left a deep impact on him. His return to Belize was marked by disillusionment and anger, culminating in his role as a leader in the 1919 Ex-Servicemen’s Riot, where he and fellow veterans protested against the racial injustice they faced.

This experience, coupled with his involvement in local movements and the Marcus Garvey movement, helped shape Haynes’ perspective on Belize’s social and political landscape. His activism wasn’t just about fighting for rights but also about creating a cultural and national identity that reflected Belize’s unique heritage and struggles.

 

 

Crafting a National Symbol: The Anthem’s Journey

In 1963, Haynes channelled his experiences and frustrations into writing a poem originally titled “Land of the Gods.” This piece was a poignant reflection of Belize’s past and aspirations, resonating with themes of liberation and identity. The poem’s transformation into the national anthem, “O Land of the Free,” marked a significant shift in Belizean history. On September 21, 1981, as Belize celebrated its independence from British rule, Haynes’ anthem was officially adopted, symbolising the nation’s newfound freedom and unity.

The anthem’s adoption was more than a formality; it was a statement of Belize’s emerging identity and a tribute to its journey from colonial subjugation to self-determination. The anthem’s powerful opening line, “O Land of the Free by the Carib Sea,” embodies this transition, celebrating both the natural beauty of Belize and its people’s resilience.

However, the anthem has not been without controversy. Critics have pointed out that the lyrics may not fully represent the diversity of Belize’s population, including concerns about gender and ethnic representation.

Despite these criticisms, the anthem remains a powerful symbol of Belizean identity. It encapsulates the nation’s history and its collective aspirations, making it a crucial part of national celebrations and a source of pride for many Belizeans.

 

Legacy and Recognition: An Unsung Hero’s Impact

While Haynes’ anthem has been celebrated as a national symbol, his broader legacy is one of significant but often overlooked impact. His efforts to address racial discrimination and promote Belizean identity have had lasting effects on the country’s cultural and social landscape. Despite the challenges he faced, Haynes’ work in both the military and the cultural sphere illustrates his commitment to justice and national pride.

As the nation prepares to raise its flag on Saturday in celebration of “A Nation Proud and Free: Belize at 43,” it is essential to sing the national anthem with pride, remembering Samuel Alfred Haynes not just as the author of the anthem but as a symbol of perseverance and patriotism. His life and work reflect a broader struggle for justice and identity, making him a true Belizean hero whose contributions continue to inspire and resonate.

 

 

Reflecting on Our Heritage

Reflecting on Haynes’ story allows us to appreciate the deeper meanings behind our national symbols. His anthem serves as a reminder of Belize’s journey from colonialism to independence and the ongoing commitment to unity and pride. On September 21, Belize will not only celebrate national identity but also honour the unsung heroes like Haynes, whose legacies shaped Belize’s history and future. 

 

Lyrics of Belize’s National Anthem – “O Land of the Free”

(Written poem by Samuel Alfred Haynes, adopted on Independence Day, September 21, 1981)

O, Land of the Free by the Carib Sea,
Our manhood we pledge to thy liberty!
No tyrants here linger, despots must flee
This tranquil haven of democracy
The blood of our sires which hallows the sod,
Brought freedom from slavery, oppression’s rod
By the might of truth, and the grace of God,
No longer shall we be hewers of wood.

Chorus:

Arise! ye sons of the Baymen’s clan,
Put on your armour, clear the land!
Drive back the tyrants, let despots flee –
Land of the Free by the Carib Sea!
Nature has blessed thee with wealth untold,
O’er mountains and valleys where prairies roll;
Our fathers, the Baymen, valiant and bold
Drove back the invader; this heritage hold
From proud Rio Hondo to old Sarstoon,
Through coral isle, over blue lagoon;
Keep watch with the angels, the stars and moon;
For freedom comes tomorrow’s noon.
(Chorus)