As we wrap up 2024, News 5 is excited to bring you our digital Year in Review! This year, we're diving into the highlights and challenges of the past twelve months, all organised by themes. Join us as we look back at the stories that shaped our year…
Belize’s economy reflects a year of significant fiscal manoeuvres, development strides, and critical reforms under the leadership of Prime Minister John Briceño. The administration has worked to stabilise the economy while addressing challenges such as inflation, rising living costs, and public sector efficiency.
The fiscal year was defined by a projected revenue of $1.5 billion and expenditures of $1.6 billion, emphasising fiscal prudence and targeted investments. Revenue was primarily sourced from goods and services ($791 million), income and profits ($365 million), international trade and transactions ($223 million), and property taxes ($7.17 million). On the expenditure side, 73% of the budget was allocated to recurrent spending, with wages and pensions comprising 30 and 7 cents of every dollar, respectively. Capital investments focused on infrastructure ($49 million), health ($35 million for NHI expansion), and education ($12 million for the Education Upliftment Project), which saw 12 additional high schools join the initiative, benefiting approximately 6,000 students.
Belize also achieved significant progress in public debt management, reducing its debt-to-GDP ratio from 103% in 2020 to 64% by the end of 2024. This was facilitated by primary surpluses averaging 5% of GDP over three years and growth in sectors such as tourism, construction, and business process outsourcing (BPO). The Central Bank reported a robust 7% GDP growth for 2024, exceeding regional averages, with GDP per capita rising by $5,500 compared to 2020. Key contributors to this growth included wholesale and retail trade, accommodations, and transportation.
Inflation, while easing from 6.3% in 2022 to 3.6% in 2024, remained a concern for households, particularly due to rising costs of locally produced food. Staples like bread, meats, and cooking oils saw significant price increases, with 63% of inflation attributed to domestic prices. The increase in the minimum wage to $5 per hour benefitted over 40,000 workers but also contributed to mild inflationary pressures. Prime Minister Briceño defended the policy, citing its positive impact on purchasing power and economic activity.
The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) revealed a 10.1% reduction in poverty since 2021, driven by improvements in underemployment, food security, and access to services. However, the intensity of poverty among affected households remained steady at 38.4%. Unemployment reached a historic low of 2.1%, though disparities persisted in rural communities, where poverty reduction efforts lagged.
Belize’s financial system underwent transformative changes, including the introduction of a credit reporting system by the Central Bank, enabling Belizeans to build credit scores based on traditional and non-traditional data such as utility payment history. Additionally, domestic banks reduced fees for online transactions and ATM withdrawals to promote financial inclusion and modernise payment systems.
A World Bank review highlighted inefficiencies in public spending, particularly in education and health, with public sector wages accounting for 41% of total spending. In response, the government initiated pension reforms and targeted pay scale imbalances to enhance productivity and fiscal flexibility.
Trade developments included modest growth in banana and citrus exports, while sugar exports faced shipment timing issues. Nonetheless, sugar farmers benefitted from record payments due to improved global prices and strategic investments. Domestic imports rose by 9.2% compared to 2023, reflecting increased demand for machinery and transport equipment.
Citizen perspectives on the economy were mixed. While the government reported easing inflation, many Belizeans cited rising costs for groceries and basic services. Consumer confidence, as measured by the Statistical Institute of Belize, declined in August due to concerns over durable goods and future economic stability.
As we wrap up 2024, News 5 is excited to bring you our digital Year in Review! This year, we're diving into the highlights and challenges of the past twelve months, all organised by themes. Join us as we look back at the stories that shaped our year…
2024 has been a pivotal year for food security and agriculture in Belize. With significant initiatives and challenges, the country has made strides in ensuring a resilient and sustainable agricultural sector.
Belize’s Sugar Industry in 2024
The year 2024 has been a tumultuous yet transformative period for Belize’s sugar industry. From record-breaking cane payments to persistent challenges such as labour shortages and illicit trade, the industry has navigated a complex landscape.
One of the most notable achievements in 2024 was the record final cane payment to farmers. For the second consecutive year, Belize Sugar Industries Limited (BSI) announced a historic final payment of BZ$90.95 per tonne of cane for the 2024 crop. This price is attributed to strategic investments, new market explorations, particularly in CARICOM, and improved global market prices for sugar. Despite these successes, the industry faced significant challenges, including labour shortages and crop diseases.
The sugar industry in Belize has been grappling with severe labour shortages. This issue has prompted BSI to explore automation as a solution to maintain productivity. The company has been advancing towards automating parts of its assembly line to mitigate the impact of labour shortages. This shift towards automation is seen as a necessary step to ensure the industry’s sustainability and competitiveness in the global market.
Despite an 18% increase in the domestic supply of brown sugar and an 8% increase in white sugar from January to April 2024 compared to the same period last year, Belize continues to face a local sugar shortage. The primary factor contributing to this shortage is the illicit cross-border trade of sugar. The significant price difference between sugar in Belize and neighbouring countries like Guatemala and Mexico has created a lucrative incentive for mugglers. Efforts to curb this illegal trade have included calls for the government to review and increase the price of domestic sugar to reduce the price disparity.
The Belize Sugar Cane Farmers Association (BSCFA) has been at the forefront of addressing various issues within the industry. In a document titled “BSCFA Addresses Delivery of Cane by Other Farmers,” the association highlighted the challenges faced by its members, including the delivery of cane by non-members and the need for a fair commercial agreement with BSI. The BSCFA has also been vocal about the need for greater
The relationship between the government and the sugar industry has been complex. Prime Minister John Briceño faced criticism from the BSCFA for allegedly failing to fulfil promises made to cane farmers. The association accused the prime minister of lying to farmers and not taking adequate steps to address their concerns. Despite these tensions, the government has played a crucial role in mediating disputes and facilitating negotiations between BSI and the BSCFA.
In response to ongoing disputes and calls for greater transparency, the government established a Commission of Inquiry into the sugar industry. The commission’s mandate is to analyse the entire value chain of the sugar industry and provide recommendations for its modernization. The hearings, which began in August, have included testimonies from various stakeholders, including BSI, BSCFA, and other cane farmers’ associations.
Last month, the Ministry of Agriculture declared a state of emergency in Belize’s sugar industry due to a fungal disease that has infected up to 40,000 acres of sugarcane. This disease, which causes the cane to yellow and wilt, renders it unsuitable for sugar production, posing a significant threat just a week before the new crop season begins. William Neal, Communications Director for Belize Sugar Industries (BSI), explained that the fungus, potentially linked to climate change-driven factors like extended droughts and excessive rains, has created ideal conditions for its growth. Corozal has been more severely affected than Orange Walk, and while the specific species of the fungus is still unidentified, early research and best practices are being tested to combat it. However, with production potentially dropping by as much as 30%, Neal emphasized the urgent need for industry-wide efforts to mitigate the impact of this serious challenge.
Recovering from Disaster: The Revival of Cacao Farming in Toledo
The year began with a massive recovery effort for cacao farmers in Toledo, who suffered catastrophic losses due to forest fires that ravaged over 10,000 hectares of farmland in 2023. The National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) and the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) stepped in, providing essential equipment and resources for replanting cacao. Supported by Global Affairs Canada, the initiative aimed to restore a key agricultural sector while prioritising climate resilience.
Jason Francis, Project Coordinator at CDEMA, emphasised the importance of climate-resilient practices, stating, “This project is about more than recovery; it’s about preparing for future challenges.” With cacao poised to generate $2 million for Toledo in the coming year, the assistance provided a lifeline to farmers like Jose Coy of Maya Mountain Cacao Farms, who vowed to secure better market prices for the region’s produce. However, ongoing challenges such as land rental fees and fluctuating international prices underscored the need for sustained support and policy interventions.
The Carrot Conundrum: Oversupply, Contraband, and Market Disruptions
Carrot farmers in northern Belize faced a perfect storm of challenges in 2024. A glut in local production, coupled with allegations of contraband imports from Mexico, left dozens of acres of carrots unsold and farmers grappling with financial losses. Farmers like Sabino Yam from Patchakan Village expressed frustration, noting that buyers were reluctant to purchase local produce despite official denials of import permits.
The Ministry of Agriculture acknowledged oversupply as a key factor, tracing the problem to last year’s climate disruptions. Uncoordinated planting schedules exacerbated the issue, with many farmers planting simultaneously in response to delayed rains. Andrew Mejia, Acting Director of the Ministry’s Extension Unit, stressed the need for improved coordination among farmers, stating, “Better planning and adherence to schedules are critical to avoid these cycles of oversupply.”
While the Ministry pledged to reactivate contraband interdiction teams and enhance market access, farmers like Oscar Martinez from La Gracia Village warned that continued inaction on contraband would deter future cultivation.
Citrus and Banana Industries: A Fragile Recovery
Belize’s citrus and banana sectors continued their slow recovery from years of decline. Citrus farmers faced challenges from persistent diseases such as Huanglongbing (HLB), while banana growers struggled with the twin burdens of high fertiliser costs and Sigatoka disease. Minister of Agriculture Jose Abelardo Mai pointed to promising developments, including trials of disease-resistant citrus varieties and a government-appointed task force to chart a sustainable path forward.
The banana industry, though less severely affected, faced setbacks from excessive rainfall, which reduced export-quality produce. Fertiliser subsidies and small loan facilities provided some relief, but stakeholders cautioned that more substantial investments would be needed to stabilise these key export crops.
Cattle Exports and the Screwworm Threat
Belize’s cattle industry, valued at over $100 million, saw significant developments in 2024. A transition in inspection protocols for cattle exports to Mexico marked a milestone, with Belizean veterinarians taking the lead under the oversight of the International Regional Organisation for Plant and Animal Health (OIRSA). Minister Mai confirmed that the new system worked seamlessly, ensuring continued access to lucrative export markets.
However, the resurgence of the New World Screwworm in Central America cast a shadow over the industry. Countries like Panama and Costa Rica reported hundreds of cases, raising concerns about the pest reaching Belize. Strict surveillance measures were implemented at border points, and sterile fly dispersals were intensified to prevent an outbreak. Zoe Robinson-Zetina, Managing Director of BAHA, noted that preparedness efforts included training field officers and draughting emergency quarantine protocols.
Despite these efforts, experts like OIRSA’s Fermin Blanco warned that the spread of screwworm was likely inevitable, urging collective action across the region to contain the pest. The situation underscored the importance of vigilance and regional collaboration in protecting Belize’s agricultural assets.
Flour Shortages and Rising Bread Prices
A temporary flour shortage disrupted the operations of bakeries across Belize, highlighting the vulnerability of supply chains. While substitute flours helped mitigate the impact, many businesses reduced production, prioritising essential items like buns over less critical products. The crisis was compounded by a 20% increase in the price of regulated 16-ounce loaves, sparking concerns about affordability for low-income households.
Creole bread vendors emerged as a cost-effective alternative, with many Belizeans turning to these local producers for more affordable options. Government regulators defended the price hike as necessary to sustain the baking industry, but consumers called for parallel measures to increase wages and ease the cost of living.
Building Climate Resilience
The impact of climate change loomed large over Belize’s agriculture sector in 2024. Erratic weather patterns disrupted planting and harvesting cycles, leading to oversupply in some crops and shortfalls in others. The delayed rainy season and increased instances of flooding underscored the urgency of adopting climate-smart agricultural practices.
Programs aimed at building resilience, such as staggered planting schedules and crop diversification, gained traction. However, the year also highlighted the need for greater investment in research and infrastructure to support farmers in adapting to changing climatic conditions.
One of the major initiatives launched this year was the Resilient Rural Belize (RRB) program, a BZ$50 million project aimed at strengthening small agricultural producer organisations against climate change and economic disruptions. This program focuses on climate-resilient farming practices, enhancing farm infrastructure, and improving market access for small farmers. Notable projects include upgrading farm roads and constructing water facilities and storage sheds, particularly benefiting communities like Trio Village.
Belize’s Minister of Agriculture and Food Security, José Abelardo Mai, played a crucial role in regional and international forums. At the COP29 summit in Baku, Azerbaijan, Minister Mai emphasised the importance of sustainable livestock production in mitigating climate change and ensuring food security. Additionally, Belize secured continued cattle exports to Mexico, reinforcing its agricultural trade relations.
Economic Growth and Agricultural Output
Belize’s economy saw a notable growth of 6.6% in the third quarter of 2024, with the primary sector, including agriculture, contributing significantly. Key crops such as bananas, citrus, and sugarcane showed improvements, and the fishing industry experienced a remarkable 25.5% increase in production.
The agricultural sector faced several challenges, including the impact of Tropical Storm Sara and pest outbreaks. The government classified agricultural pest outbreaks as a national disaster and took measures to address these issues. Efforts to combat the New World Screwworm threat were also intensified, with regional cooperation playing a key role.
As we wrap up 2024, News 5 is excited to bring you our digital Year in Review! This year, we're diving into the highlights and challenges of the past twelve months, all organized by themes. Join us as we look back at the stories that shaped our year…
It’s been a year defined by bold infrastructure projects, legislative reforms, leadership transitions, and challenges like the ongoing brain drain. From controversial decisions on land acquisitions to the development of new hospitals and life-saving technological advancements, Belize’s healthcare system underwent significant shifts that will have long-term implications for its citizens.
The Belmopan Tertiary Hospital Debate
One of the most hotly debated issues of 2024 was the government’s decision to purchase 15 acres of private land in Belmopan for BZD $6.9 million to build a tertiary hospital. This decision sparked protests led by grassroots activist Nigel Petillo, supported by the Belize National Teachers’ Union (BNTU), the Public Service Union (PSU), and other civil society groups. The core grievance was that the University of Belize (UB) had offered land for free, yet the government opted to purchase private land adjacent to a sewer pond, raising public health and environmental concerns.
The Government of Belize defended its position, stating that a technical study concluded that the UB land was too remote and had insufficient infrastructure. Director of Hospital Services Dr. Jorge Polanco explained that access to the UB site was difficult, requiring the development of roads and utilities at a significant cost. On the other hand, the opposition, led by Moses “Shyne” Barrow, viewed the land purchase as a case of “glaring corruption” and threatened legal action.
In December, the government signed a BZ$3.2 million consultancy contract with Dar Al Omran International Engineering Consulting Company (DAO) for the design and supervision of a 150-bed Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Belmopan. Spanning 55 months, the consultancy covers design, construction supervision, and quality assurance for the hospital, a project funded by the Saudi Fund for Development and government contributions.
New Hospital for Belize City
Another significant announcement was the approval of a new tertiary-level hospital for Belize City, which will replace the ageing Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital (KHMH). Funded by the Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI), the facility aims to improve healthcare access for residents in the Belize District and northern regions. The government’s decision to construct a new hospital instead of renovating the existing KHMH was based on studies indicating that renovation costs would exceed the cost of new construction. The government is yet to finalise the location, but options include the site of the old nursing school or land near the Eleanor Hall building.
San Pedro and Caye Caulker General Hospital
Ground was officially broken for the construction of the long-awaited San Pedro and Caye Caulker General Hospital. This $33 million BZD project, funded by the Government of Taiwan, will address the chronic issue of residents having to be airlifted to the mainland for emergency care. The project, which is expected to be completed within 36 months, is seen as a significant step toward improving healthcare equity in Belize’s island communities. Area Representative Andre Perez noted that the hospital’s establishment fulfils a long-standing promise to island residents who have faced health emergencies without timely access to care.
Technological Advancements and Equipment Upgrades
One of the most eagerly awaited advancements was the arrival of a new CT scanner. Delays in delivery had raised public concern, but by March 2024, the new equipment was installed and operational. Minister of Health and Wellness Kevin Bernard stressed the importance of the scanners, noting that they offer faster and more accurate diagnoses. The machine was installed at the K.H.M.H. It broke down after 8 months. The KHMHA later announced that the repair and full restoration of its CT scan machine, which had been out of service due to a hardware issue caused by condensation, was complete. During the downtime, arrangements were made with nearby facilities to ensure patient access to CT scans.
Through a collaboration between Edward and Patricia Lord of the Belizean diaspora and the Build Belize Initiative, the Ministry of Health received medical equipment valued at $1.8 million USD. The donation included birthing beds, defibrillators, patient monitors, and ICU beds. Health Minister Bernard emphasised that the equipment would be distributed to health facilities nationwide, enhancing emergency care and improving patient outcomes. Minister of Tourism and Diaspora Relations Anthony Mahler hailed the initiative as a testament to the power of diaspora contributions.
Legislative and Policy Reforms
Significant legislative reform came in the form of amendments to the Food and Drug Act. The overhaul introduced stricter regulations to prevent the entry of substandard pharmaceutical products. Chief Drug Inspector resignations raised concerns about the impact of these reforms, but Health Minister Bernard assured the public that oversight mechanisms were in place. The Ministry’s drug inspection unit stepped up enforcement, seizing contraband medications and ensuring quality control. The reform aligns with World Health Organisation (WHO) standards and strengthens consumer protection.
Another contentious reform was the proposed amendment to the KHMH Act, which would see the replacement of the Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital Workers’ Union (KHMHWU) representative on the hospital’s board with a member from the National Trade Union Congress of Belize (NTUCB). After intense pushback from the KHMHWU, the government allowed the union to nominate two candidates for the board. Minister Bernard justified the move as a way to broaden representation and avoid conflicts of interest.
The Fight Against Brain Drain
A chronic issue in 2024 was Belize’s healthcare worker shortage. The Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital reported a loss of 50 nurses and doctors due to better-paying opportunities abroad. Nurses Association President Renita Pop revealed that over 100 nurses had left the country since 2021. The government’s strategy to address the crisis included offering scholarships for specialities like midwifery and public health nursing. Despite these efforts, the shortage persisted, resulting in increased workloads for remaining staff.
Personal Tragedies and Losses
Belize’s healthcare community was shaken by the untimely passing of Dr. Fernando Cuellar, a prominent figure in the medical field. Diagnosed with blood cancer, Dr. Cuellar’s battle was tragically brief, leaving a void in public healthcare advocacy. His legacy of compassionate care and fearless truth-telling lives on in the hearts of colleagues and patients alike.
The nation’s collective heart also went out to paediatrician Dr. Cecilio Eck, who revealed he had been diagnosed with stage-four cancer. Belizeans rallied to support him, raising funds for his treatment in the United States. Dr. Eck’s journey underscored the broader need for access to advanced cancer care and diagnostic services within Belize.
